| One
Hundred Selected Writing Materials (1988) |
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In 1988, to commemorate the 1988 Seoul
Olympic Games, and to introduce ancient Korean culture
to foreigners, the Ewha Womans University Museum selected
only the finest scholarly accoutrements from the Joseon
dynasty (1392-1910) in order to reflect the culture of
the literati. In order to accentuate the exhibit, about
20 pieces of personally-owned ink stones were also displayed.
Some 150 artifacts were put on display: 22 wooden brush
and paper holders, 80 examples of the mythical animal
haetae, peach-shaped, square, octagonal, and
round water droppers in various sizes, and 35 pieces of
ink-sticks, ink-stones, and wooden accoutrements, including
small writing tables and letter holders. |
| Earthenware
and Stoneware (Unified Silla - Goryeo) (1987) |
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Stoneware items wer produced on the
Korean peninsula from the 3rd century up until the Joseon
dynasty (1392-1910), and were commonly used in many of
the same ways as earthenware. Earthenware started being
produced from the Neolithic era and was continuously produced
throughout the Bronze Age, early Iron Age (1,000 B.C.-0
A.D.), the Three Kingdoms period (57 B.C.-668), the Unified
Silla period (661-935), the Goryeo dynasty (918-1392),
and the Joseon dynasty. Earthenware was made into various
objects, such as ritual vessels, tableware, containers,
pots, and urns. Numerous pieces of earthenware were excavated
from the ruins of tombs and residential areas. However,
due to changes in funerary customs and production methods
of ceramics, little of the excavated earthenware was produced
after the Unified Silla period. Up until now, there has
not been a clear distinction between the earthenware of
Goryeo and Joseon. However, the Ewha Womans University
Museum categorized the 150 pieces in its possession, and
carried out research on 12 kiln sites of the Unified Silla
and Goryeo. This enabled the Museum to identify some of
the characteristics of the artifacts and even arrange
the earthenware according to the early, mid, and late
portions of Unified Silla. Most of the Silla earthenware
artifacts are either plain with no decoration or urns
bearing stamped designs, whereas most Goryeo earthenware
consists of various forms of bottles. |
| To
Commemorate Ewha Womans University Centennial Two Hundreds
Selected Masterpieces from Ewha Womans University Museum
(1986) |
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Celebrating the 100th anniversary of
the founding of Ewha Womans University, the Museum held
a commemorative exhibition, displaying some 200 masterpieces,
from both Korea and China, from the prehistoric age up
to the Joseon dynasty (1392-1910). The exhibition consisted
of stone axes, red earthenware, and bronze daggers excavated
from dolmens, which are artifacts from the Neolithic,
Bronze, and Iron Ages. Metallic mirrors and bricks from
the Lolang (108 B.C.-313) era were also put on display.
Artifacts displayed from the Three Kingdoms period included
a rubbing of the inscription on the wall of Pyeongyang
Fortress from Goguryeo (37 B.C.-668), end pieces of tiles
from Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla, earthenware from Goguryeo,
Baekje, Silla, and Gaya (42-562), gold earrings from Silla,
and gold shoes with openwork design from Baekje. Green-glazed
tiles with monster designs and other roof-end tiles, Buddhist
statues--the epitome of Buddhist art--and everyday pottery
from Unified Silla were also displayed. Buddhist gongs,
bronze bells, incense burners, a Buddhist sutra, a celadon
jar with the inscription "the 4th Year of Sunhwa
(993)," a stool with openwork design, and various
celadon and white porcelain masterpieces from Goryeo (932-1392)
were put on display. Artifacts from Joseon included white
porcelain jars with copper, iron, or blue underglaze,
such as Buncheong ware or a white porcelain jar with grapevine
designs and underglaze iron, and, finally, white porcelain
stationery items and formal tableware from the late Joseon
dynasty. Paintings included landscape paintings by Jeong
Seon, a portrait of Kim Yi-an, documentary paintings,
and calligraphy by the father of King Gojong. Daily necessities
such as trays and oil lamp stands, and court dresses,
such as the Green Wonsam, were also displayed. |
| White
Porcelain Jars in Joseon Period (1985) |
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The highly acclaimed relics of the Joseon
dynasty (1392-1910) such as the White Porcelain Jar with
Grapevine in Underglaze Iron, National Treasure No. 107,
the White Porcelain Jar with Design of a Man Under a Pine
Tree in Underglaze Blue, No. 644, and the White Porcelain
Jar with Dragon Design in Underglaze Iron, No. 645 were
displayed. In addition, 120 jars including placenta jars,
funerary objects, moon-shaped jars, spice jars, face powder
jars and other various jars used in rituals and everyday
life during the Joseon dynasty were put on display. This
exhibition highlighted the serenity and beauty of Joseon
white porcelain, and the displays were categorized according
to decoration techniques, such as pure plain white porcelain,
underglaze iron, underglaze blue, and underglaze copper,
as well as being categorized according to era so that
viewers could easily see the historical flow of Joseon
ceramics. |
Buncheong
wares in Joseon Period
(Appended: And Fragments from the Kiln Site of Udong-ni,
Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do) (1984) |
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Unlike Goryeo (918~1392) celadon and
Joseon (1392~1910) white porcelain, Buncheong ware has
a natural beauty and was only produced during the early
Joseon dynasty (late 14th century to 16th century). The
some 200 pieces possessed by the Ewha Womans University
Museum were arranged according to decoration techniques,
such as sanggam (inlaid), inhwa (stamped)),
johwa (incised), bakji (scratched),
deombeong (coated with white slip), gwiyal
(brushed white slip), and cheolhwa (underglaze
iron). The artifacts were also categorized according to
shape and government office inscription. In addition,
the Buncheong ware fragments possessed by the Museum were
verified to be from the Jeollabuk-do, Buan-gun, Udong-ni
kiln. These fragments were categorized, organized, and
restored so that flasks and large jars decorated with
fish, lotus blossom, and peony designs were displayed
along with the Buncheong ware. This exhibition made a
great contribution to research on the history of Joseon
ceramics. |
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